At the beginning of the Taisho era (1912-1926) the Japanese Navy started to organise the 'Eight-Eight Squadron', a strong squadron consisting of eight powerful battleships of the 35,000 and 47,000 ton class and eight battle cruisers. Fourteen light cruisers were then built and joined the squadron to escort the main stregth ships. The light cruisers were classified into three main groups: the Kuma, Nagara and Sendai types. The Tama was classified as the second vessel in the first Kuma type group. It was launched on 29 January 1921. At that time it was the most modern piece of Japanese naval engineering. The engine output of 90,000 hp was higher than any other warship Japan had launched, including the battleships Nagato and Mutsu. Her modern engine and her competent hull design gave Tama a top speed of 38 knots. Apart from naval destroyers, the ship was the fastest of all Japanese warships. The armament was also above average and consisted of seven 14 cm main guns, two 8 cm guns and four 53 cm double torpedo tubes. The Tama was also the first Japanese cruiser to carry a seaplane. A catapult was not initially used and the aircraft had to be put on the sea by means of a derrick for take-off.
In the second half of the 1920s the Tama was improved with the addition of a catapult and a fixed steel structure for the bridge. The superstructure around the bridge was also modified and the rear mast was replaced by a tripod one.
By the beginning of the war, the Tama was the flagship of the 5th Squadron. She was camouflaged with white patches in her superstructure, and white bow and stern. The rest of the hull retained the original Yokosuka Arsenal dark gray. The Tama and her sister-ship Kiso patrolled the Kuriles Islands in the first months of the war. She was then refitted. Her displacement was raised to 7,000 tons and the smaller guns replaced by two 25 mm double machine guns.
On 28 May 1942 the Tama, along with Cruiser Division 21, took part in Operation 'AL', the invasion of Kiska Island in the Aleutians. In the following months she participated in several escort and transport patrols to Attu Island. In March 1943, the cruiser took part in the Battle of the Komandorski Islands. Vice-Admiral Hosogaya's Fifth Fleet cruisers Nachi and Maya, light cruiser Abukuma and five destroyers engaged Rear Admiral Charles H. McMorris' Task Group 16.6's USS Richmond (CL-9), USS Salt Lake City (CA-25) and four destroyers. The Salt Lake City and another US destroyer were damaged in a four-hour gun and torpedo combat. The Nachi was also hit but the Tama was undamaged. The Japanese had to cancel their supply mission.
In May 1943 she also took part in the evacuation of the Aleutians and in transport duties to Rabaul in the second half of that year. On 21 October 1943 the Tama and the Kiso were attacked by RAAF Bristol Beaufort bombers from Guadalcanal. The Kiso had a direct hit by a 250-lb. bomb. The Tama was damaged by near-misses. Both cruisers returned to Rabaul for emergency repairs. From October to December that year the cruiser was rapaired and modified at Yokosuka Arsenal. Her Number 5 and 7 140-mm guns, catapult and derrick were removed. A twin 12.7-mm AA gun, four triple mount and six single mount 25-mm AA guns were fitted as well as a type 21 air search radar was also fitted.
In August 1944 she was transferred to Cruiser Division 21, Fifth Fleet. The Tama last saw action in October that year in the Battle of Leyte Gulf. She was assigned to protect the aircraft-carriers Zuikaku and Zuiho. At approximately 8:20 am the Tama was attacked and hit with one torpedo in her boiler rooms by TBM-1C Avenger torpedo-bombers from the US carriers Belleau Wood and San Jacinto. After emergency repairs, the Tama retired to Okinawa unescorted. When she was sailing north-east of Luzon, the Tama was spotted by the submarine USS Jallao which fired three torpedoes from 800 yards. The Tama was hit and broke in two sinking within minutes. She was removed from the IJN list in December 1944. |