The story of the San Diego dates back to the last 1930s, when President Roosevelt supported US navy plans to launch new ships which would be necessary to defend the American communication lines in a probable war. The cruiser was the third of a series of eight anti-aircraft ships designed to escort carrier groups, known as Atlanta Class.
The USS San Diego was launched in July 1941 and commissioned in January 1942. After regular training, first in Chesapeake Bay and then in San Diego (California), she was sent to the Pacific theater escorting the carrier Saratoga, which had been sent to the U.S. for repairs, to Hawaii. After another period of training in that area, she was sent to cover American operations in the South Pacific in June 1942. Her first action of the war was a raid on enemy islands Buin and Faisi which earned the ship the first of the eighteen battle stars she got in the conflict.
From August that year she took part in the invasion of Guadalcanal and witnessed the sinking of carrier Wasp. In the following months she was also present at the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands on 26 October, where she screened the Hornet. The San Diego was stationed to protect the port side of the carrier which had been bombed and torpedoed on the starboard side. The carrier could not be saved, but the cruiser took off 200 survivors. Her five-inch guns were credited with bringing down three enemy planes. In the complex three-day Naval Battle of Guadalcanal in mid-November 1942, San Diego operated with the carrier Enterprise. After some months of service in the waters surrounding the Solomon, the cruiser arrived to Auckland in New Zealand for replenishment.
San Diego continued in her aircraft carrier escort role as the war moved up the Solomon Islands chain in 1943. In November of that year, she covered USS Saratogaand USS Princeton as their planes hit the Japanese base at Rabaul, New Britain. She also accompanied Pacific Fleet carriers as they raided the Marshall Islands in early December. She escorted carrier Lexington (CV-16), damaged by a torpedo, to Pearl Harbour for repairs on 9 December. San Diego continued on to San Francisco for installation of modern radar equipment, a combat information center and a 40 mm antiaircraft guns to replace her obsolete 1.1 batteries.
In January 1944, she joined Vice Admiral Marc Mitscher's Fast Carriers Task Force at Pearl Harbour and served with them for most of the war. In the next months she took part in the capture of bases in the Marshalls and reduce enemy facilities on Truk. Her combat role was briefly interrupted because she headed back to San Francisco again for more additions to her radar, but she was back in the war zone in time to join in the assault on the Mariana Islands in June and July.
In the following months she participated in strikes and invasions in Saipan, the Bonin Islands, Guam, Tinian, the Palau Islands, the Manila Bay area, Okinawa, Luzon and finally Formosa where she shot down two enemy planes. In February 1945 the attacks of Task Force 38 aimed at the Japanese home islands, and the San Diego was present in preliminary operations before the landings in Okinawa. She joined cruisers Vincennes, Miami and Destroyer Squadron 61 for a shore bombardment of Okino Daito and Minami Daito Jima.
She served as anti-aircraft protection for ships hit by kamikaze attacks. Her most important mission involved towing and escorting the USS Haggard (DD 555). The San Diego took off 31 of the badly wounded. After the Okinawa campaign, she entered an advanced base drydock at Guinian, Samar Island in the Philippines, for repairs and maintenance after 14 months at sea.
She operated off the Japanese coast until hostilities ceased in August. The San Diego was chosen by Admiral Halsey as flagship for Commander Task Force 31. She was the first ship to enter Tokyo Bay after Japan's surrender and the first allied ship to dock in a Japanese harbour, Yokosuka.
After having sailed more than 300,000 miles in the Pacific, taken part in 34 major battles (without taking a direct hit or lost a man in combat), and won 18 battle stars, the San Diego returned to the United States in mid-September and afterwards helped to transport service personnel home in Operation "Magic Carpet".
She was decommissioned and placed in the Reserve Fleet on November 4, 1946. She was redesigned CLAA-53 (light antiaircraft cruiser) in March 1949. On March 1, 1959, the Navy struck her from the lists and she was scrapped. |